5^th Perek Summary: “Keitzad Maarimin”: An embryo of an animal can be consecrated. A mother and embryo can be consecrated for two different sacrifices. A single “exchanged” animal can receive consecration for two different sacrifices, and when it receives a blemish, it is sold and the proceeds are split for the two sacrifices. What one utters has legal standing, especially in consecration where ones utterance is the only form of acquisition.

4^th Perek Summary: “Vlad Chatat”: There are 5 Chataot that are killed and one cannot derive any benefit from them:

1. an embryo of a chatat
2. an “exchange of a chatat
3. a chatat whose owner died before it was sacrificed
4. a chatat whose owner was atoned with a different chatat
5. a chatat whose year has passed (needs to be a year old)

Similarly, money that was consecrated for a Chatat that had similar situations is destroyed by throwing it into the Salt Sea (Dead Sea).

In cases where the Chatat has some consecration (not fully), it grazes until it receives a blemish, sold and the money is used for a new sacrifice.

3^rd Perek Summary: “Elu Kedoshim”: The laws of “exchange” of a sacrifice and of the embryo of a sacrifice are similar, except that an “exchange” does not make a further “exchange,” while an embryo can make another embryo (assuming it’s female).

The “exchanges” (and embryos) of voluntary sacrifices take on the identity of the original sacrifice: shelamim, olah, as well as firstborn and tithe.

The “exchange” of a todah is brought as a todah, but without the attendant breads.

Obligatory sacrifices that are “exchanged” (and the embryos) have a different law. An asham “exchange” is considered as if it had been invalidated is allowed to graze until it receives a blemish and then it is sold and with the proceeds a communal olah is sacrificed. The same procedure is done if someone mistakenly consecrated a female animal for an olah or asham (which only come from males). One brings an olah in place of the olah and a communal olah in place of the asham.

2^nd Perek Summary: “Yesh Bekorbanot”: Differences between individual and communal sacrifices: Communal ones cannot be “exchanged”, there is no “responsibility” for them (i.e. to replace it, if the designated one was lost or stolen), they override the Sabbath and Festivals. However, the opinion of R’ Meir was accepted that the real differentiation for these differences is if the sacrifice has a fixed time or not.

The Law of the Sin-sacrifice that is killed, applies to specific blemishes of an individual’s sacrifice.

Consecration does not apply to a blemished animal, nor on a hybrid, a fatally-ill animal, “tumtum,” androgynous and caesarian.

1^st Perek Summary: “Hakol Memirin”: Any adult can perform an “exchange.” However, just the owner, one individual, with an animal sacrifice (not birds or grains), even if it’s blemished, upon any other animal, male or female, of different valid species. “Exchange” doesn’t work with limbs or fetuses. An “exchange” cannot make another “exchange,” however; there is no limit to the quantity of “exchanges” that can be made to or from.