Category Archives: Vayera

Escape de Sodoma

[Translation of Escape from Sodom]

ficción bíblica: Génesis: Vaierá

Traducido del Inglés por Caro Cynovich

Escape de Sodoma

—¡Quítame tu mano de encima! —Edis chilló al Arcángel Mijael.

Mijael no le prestó atención a Edis. Con una resolución inhumana, Mijael tomó las manos de Lot y de su esposa Edis, y se puso a caminar a paso rápido fuera de la ciudad de Sodoma, bajo el cielo oscuro y nublado.

doreSodomlighterEl Arcángel Gabriel estaba haciendo lo mismo con las hijas más jóvenes de Lot. Madis, la mayor de los dos, estaba a su derecha, y Atis, la más joven, a su izquierda. Las niñas estaban tomadas firmemente de la mano, incapaz de escapar de sus garras de hierro e incapaz de hacer otra cosa que mantener el ritmo rápido en el que se movía el ángel.

Las dos hijas mayores de Lot, de pie al lado de sus maridos, miraban con incredulidad mientras la extraña procesión rápidamente se alejaba del patio de la casa de Lot.

—¿A dónde van? —Shutis, la mayor, gritó.

—¡Nos vamos! ¡Ahora! —Lot respondió apresuradamente—. Sodoma será destruida en cualquier momento.

—Sólo tengo que recoger algunas cosas más y ya los alcanzaré —Shutis prometió, mientras se oía a su marido reírse por lo bajo.

—¡No! —Lot dijo determinante—. No hay tiempo. ¡Ven con nosotros ahora mismo o estarás perdida!

—¡Acuérdate de traer mis joyas! —Edis le pidió a su hija, esperanzada.

Shutis rápidamente corrió de vuelta a la casa y se perdió de vista.

—Vamos a destruir toda la llanura —explicó Gabriel en un tono neutral, manteniendo el ritmo rápido.

—Por favor. Por favor, espere al resto de mi familia —le pidió Lot.

—Es demasiado tarde —dijo Gabriel con firmeza—. Ellos están más interesados ​​en sus posesiones materiales que en sus vidas.

—¿De qué estás hablando? —Edis preguntó enojada—. Ellos están por llegar. Las cosas que fueron a buscar son importantes

—No lo entiendes, mujer. Los pecados de estas ciudades son tan grandes que Dios no podía retrasar la destrucción de ellas por más tiempo. Y eso es lo que haremos, las destruiremos. Absolutamente. Nada quedará de lo que se conocía como Sodoma. Si no fuera por el mérito de tu tío Abraham, tú también morirás ahora.

Llegaron a las puertas de la ciudad.

Mijael y Gabriel soltaron simultáneamente a sus cautivos.

Gabriel levantó las manos al cielo. Las nubes oscuras retumbaron. Truenos y relámpagos agrietaron el aire espeso. El cielo estalló como si el fin del mundo hubiera llegado. Del cielo enojado cayeron piedras de fuego y lluvia ácida. Lot y su familia escucharon el pánico y los gritos que venían del interior de la ciudad. La suma de gritos obligó a las hijas de Lot a cubrirse las orejas. Un corrosivo olor a carne quemada llenó el aire.

Mijael habló con la familia de Lot con una voz de trueno que resonó en los cielos.

—¡Escapen por sus vidas! No miren hacia atrás y no paren en ningún lugar en toda la llanura; huyan a la montaña para que no sean destruidos.

Mijael levantó la mano y un rayo de luz surgió de sus dedos. La luz llegó al lado de la montaña. La roca y la tierra explotaron, enviando fragmentos en todas direcciones. La montaña estaba envuelta por una nube de escombros. Después de unos momentos, las cosas se calmaron. Para su asombro, Lot y su familia se vieron los contornos de una carretera. El camino era el camino más recto y más suave que jamás habían visto. Conducía directamente a la montaña – a Abraham.

Lot amaba a su tío, pero no podía regresar a él. A la sombra de su tío él siempre sería menos. El pecador. El malo. Repugnante. Sin valor. Moriría antes de regresar con Abraham. No. Tenía que escapar a otro lugar. Ahora.

Lote cayó de rodillas y suplicó.

—¡Por favor , no! Mi Señor – usted ve, ahora vuestro siervo ha hallado gracia en vuestros ojos, y la misericordia que has tenido conmigo al salvar mi vida fue genial, pero no puedo escapar al monte a menos que el mal se adhiera a mí y yo muera. Mire allí, por favor, aquella ciudad está lo suficientemente cerca para escapar —Lot señaló más arriba en la llanura— y es pequeña —la voz de Lot empezó a romperse—. Voy a huir allí. ¿No es pequeña? – Y voy a vivir.

Mijael se quedó pensativo por un momento y luego respondió:

“He aquí, yo te voy a conceder incluso esto, y no voy a destruir la ciudad de la que me has hablado. Date prisa, escapa hacia allí, porque yo no puedo hacer nada hasta que llegues allí.

Mijael levantó la mano hacia la ciudad que se llamaría Zoar. Luz irradió de su mano y atravesó los campos ondulados de hierba y pasto. En la cuesta arriba a Zoar, Mijael creó un nuevo camino.

Mijael se desvaneció en el aire, mientras que Gabriel continuaba haciendo llover fuego y azufre sobre Sodoma.

El calor detrás de ellos aumentó. Lot agarró a sus hijas y le gritó a Edis:

—Edis, vámonos. Salvemos al menos estas dos niñas.

La familia caminó rápida pero mecánicamente por la colina, a través de una niebla espesa de ceniza. Estaban en shock al no entender lo que estaba ocurriendo.

Las chicas fueron las primeras en empezar a llorar. Ahí empezaron a desacelerar.

Lot continuó tirando a todas de la mano.

—Madis. Atis. Vamos. Debemos seguir avanzando. Y hagas lo que hagas – ¡no miren hacia atrás!

Los lamentos de Sodoma estaban llegando a un tono febril. El olor de fuego y carne quemada era insoportable. Luego los gritos se calmaron. Finalmente todo se quedó en silencio. Un inquietante silencio.

Edis lloraba en quietud, caían las lágrimas en su cara cubierta de hollín. Poco a poco iba repitiendo:

—Mis bebés. Mis pobres bebés.

Miró a Lot, caminando delante de ella con las dos chicas. Su angustia se transformó en confusión y en ira. Se abalanzó sobre Lot, tirándolo al suelo. Le dio un puñetazo en la espalda con los puños.

—¡Es todo por tu culpa! —Edis sollozaba histéricamente—. ¡Mis hijos están muertos! ¡Mis joyas han desaparecido! ¿Por qué tenías que dejar pasar a esos seres? Siempre estás tratando de ser mejor que los demás. ¡Superior ! ¡Tú y tu moralidad! Eres un sucio, sanguijuela lujurioso como todo el mundo. ¡Pero mira lo que has hecho! ¡Mira lo que has hecho!

Madis y Atis rápidamente agarraron a su madre de uno y otro lado y suavemente la separaron de Lot. Lot volvió sobre sus pies y miró tiernamente a Edis.

—Lo siento, Edis, pero no es mi culpa. Los sodomitas eran tan inmorales que era inevitable que fueran castigados. Hice lo que pude, pero no fue suficiente. Los jefes de Sodoma se burlaron y me amenazaron cuando mostré siquiera una pizca de bondad —Lot inclinó la cabeza—. Lo siento por nuestros hijos. Tampoco ellos quisieron escuchar. Lo intentamos.

—¿Lo siento? ¿Intentado ? —preguntó Edis, loco de dolor —. Eres un llorón, excusa de un hombre. Voy a volver a buscarlos.

—Edis —dijo con mucha firmeza Lot, apretando su brazo—. No podemos volver atrás. Ni siquiera podemos mirar hacia atrás ya que seguramente moriríamos.

Instintivamente, Madis y Atis se posicionaron detrás de su madre para evitar que ella diera la vuelta, y para bloquear su visión si eso sucedía.

Edis arrancó bruscamente su brazo del agarre de Lot.

—¿Cómo te atreves a decirme qué hacer? Mi riqueza fue destruida. Mis bebés pueden estar muertos, o podrían estar siguiéndonos a nosotros en este momento, y tú es demasiado cobarde para salvarlos – incluso a dar la vuelta y ver. Voy a ir yo misma si tengo que hacerlo.

—¡Madre! ¡No! —Madis agarró a su madre por la espalda—. ¿No escuchaste al  ángel? Todo el mundo está muerto. Puedo sentir el calor cada vez más cerca. Si no continuamos, si incluso miramos hacia atrás, ¡vamos a morir!

—¿Cómo puedo seguir adelante? —Edis sollozaba incontrolablemente—. Mis hijos están muertos. Mi marido no es un buen marido. ¿A dónde iremos? ¿Qué hay de mi casa, mis joyas, y mis amigos? Tengo que volver .

Edis comenzó a deslizarse fuera del abrazo de Madis. Atis vio el movimiento y trató de agarrar a su madre y bloquear su visión. Pero Edis fue más rápida. Se dio la vuelta, ahora abrazada a cada lado por sus hijas, y echó un vistazo frontal completo en la destrucción de Sodoma.

No podía creer lo que vio. Los campos exuberantes. Las paredes fuertes. Las casas ricas. Los patios coloridos. Todo había sido completamente destruido. Toda la llanura estaba ennegrecida y deformada. Humo negro grueso cubría todo el cielo. El único color era el rojo de las llamas furiosas, consumiendo los restos muertos de una civilización una vez orgullosa.

Entonces comprendió. Ella entiendió que Sodoma había estado llena de maldad. Entendía que ella había sido un participante activo y sabía que ella también merecía morir.

Lágrimas saladas vertieron libremente por su rostro, y se juntaron como una piscina a sus pies.

El cosquilleo comenzó en sus pies y se fueron entumeciendo. La sensación se extendió rápidamente por sus piernas. Edis jadeó por el shock y se miró las piernas. Madis y Atis saltaron hacia atrás y miraron con incredulidad ante lo que parecía ser la sal reemplazando la piel de su madre. Edis pudo degustar la sal en su boca a medida que la metamorfosis se abrió camino hasta su torso. La sensación de horror de Edis se reflejó en los rostros de sus hijas.

—MADRE —gritaron al unísono, agarrándola de nuevo, como si por abrazarla podrían detener el proceso.

Edis tenía tiempo para sólo dos palabras antes de la transformación fuera completa.

—Lo siento —susurró con sus últimas lágrimas.

Y entonces ella era una estatua de sal.

Obra de Moralidad

Netziv Génesis: Vaierá

Obra de Moralidad

“Vamos con precaución a complacer el supuesto de que la moralidad se puede mantener sin la religión. La razón y la experiencia nos impiden esperar que la moralidad nacional pueda prevalecer en la exclusión del principio religioso.” – George Washington

Abraham llega a Grar, tierra de los filisteos con su bella esposa, Sara. Con el fin de protegerse de los hombres violentos, lujuriosos dispuestos a matar a un marido con el fin de reclamar a la esposa, Abraham y Sara asumen la apariencia de hermanos. Abimelec, rey de Grar, toma Sara para sí mismo. Dios interviene, advierte Avimelech en un sueño, Sara se volvió a Abraham y todos continúan con sus vidas interesantes.

Avimelech sin embargo se enfrenta a Abraham y le pregunta por qué mintió sobre su identidad. Abraham le responde que él no vio “temor de Dios” entre los filisteos. (Crónica del principio de Génesis capítulo 20).

El Netziv en Génesis 20:11 declara algo sorprendente. Afirma que los filisteos eran en realidad un pueblo civilizado y moral que en circunstancias normales no capturan a una mujer casada o recurren al asesinato para que puedan reclamarla. Sin embargo, Abraham sintió que su moral era relativista y no absoluta. Que vino de la convención social y no de la creencia, ni someter a sí mismo a la orden divina.

Debido a esto moral “natural,”  Abraham sabía que los filisteos tendrián un tiempo mucho más difícil para resistir la tentación. Sabía que iban a racionalizar la licitud de matar a Abraham para obtener a Sara. Eso es lo que le daba miedo: a la “moral” sin directiva de Dios. Moralidad hecha por el hombre ha sido y siempre será sospechoso.

Que podamos vivir de acuerdo con y unirnos con la ética que hemos heredado desde los días de Abraham.

Shabat Shalom,

Ben-Tzion

Dedicación

Para el Rabino Shmuel Eliahu y ​​Danny Sanderson – dos personas muy diferentes que me inspiraron esta semana. (Puede ver más detalles en mi blog (en Inglés), “Adventures”)

Morality Play

First posted on The Times of Israel at: http://blogs.timesofisrael.com/vayera-morality-play/]

Netziv Genesis: Vayera

Morality Play

“Let us with caution indulge the supposition that morality can be maintained without religion. Reason and experience both forbid us to expect that national morality can prevail in exclusion of religious principle.” -George Washington

Abraham arrives at Grar, land of the Philistines with his beautiful wife, Sarah. In order to protect himself from lustful, violent men ready to kill a husband so as to claim the wife, Abraham and Sarah assume the guise of siblings. Avimelech, King of Grar, claims Sarah for himself. God intervenes, warns Avimelech in a dream, Sarah is returned to Avraham and all continue with their interesting lives.

Avimelech however confronts Abraham and asks him why they lied about their identity. Abraham responds that he didn’t see “fear of God” amongst the Philistines. (Recap of beginning of Genesis Chapter 20).

The Netziv on Genesis 20:11 states something surprising. He claims that the Philistines were actually a civilized, moral people and would not under normal circumstances capture a married woman or resort to murder that they may claim her. However, Abraham sensed that their morality was relativistic and not absolute. That it came from social convention and not from belief nor subjecting oneself to divine command.

Because of this “natural” morality, Abraham knew that the Philistines would have a much harder time resisting temptation. He knew that they would rationalize the permissibility of killing Abraham in order to get Sarah. That’s what he was afraid of: a “morality” without God’s directive. Man-made morality has been and always will be suspect.

May we live up to and attach ourselves to the ethics that we’ve inherited from the days of Abraham.

Shabbat Shalom,

Ben-Tzion

Dedication

To Rabbi Shmuel Eliyahu and Danny Sanderson – two very different people who inspired me this week. (See “Adventures” blog post for more details)

 

 

 

Glorious Modesty

[First posted on The Times of Israel at: http://blogs.timesofisrael.com/glorious-modesty/]

Ibn Ezra Genesis: Vayera

Glorious Modesty

“Modesty forbids what the law does not.” -Seneca

Our Matriarch Sarah is considered to have been one of the most beautiful women to have ever lived. Her beauty was so extraordinary, that even into her eighties monarchs sought to possess her. Her husband Abraham, fearful of being assassinated on account of his wife, by men that would covet her, came up with the subterfuge of pretending she was his sister. This did forestall any murderous intentions, but let the kings claim her with limited trouble.

God intervenes directly, protects Sarah from the paws of amorous rulers, and arranges for Sarah to be returned to Abraham untouched. Avimelech, the King of Grar (the second monarch, after Pharaoh of Egypt, to go through the frustration of claiming Sarah, only to have to give her back to Abraham), bestows a gift upon Sarah (“ksut einayim”), translated as “a covering for the eyes.” There are multiple interpretations of what this means.

The Ibn Ezra (to Genesis 20:27) explains that it was some unique type of headdress, which on one hand covered Sarah more, so that it would be harder for men to gaze upon her beauty, but on the other hand was a sign of prestige, signaling to others that she was a noble woman.

Ibn Ezra further theorizes that Avimelech’s extraordinary gift included something (it’s not clear to me if it’s an object, a protective force of slaves, a law and/or a press release) that allowed Sarah to drop the pretense of being Abraham’s sister, and made public the fact that they are married and that she is not to be pursued. Now, Abraham’s existence and presence as her husband would be Sarah’s defense against inappropriate interest in her.

I’ll refrain from any further wishes or comments, as the last time I wrote on this subject, I got some heated responses. Everyone draw their own conclusions.

Shabbat Shalom,

Ben-Tzion

Dedication

To Shoshi Taragin and Gidon Kupietzky on their engagement. Mazal Tov to them and their families!

To Scientific American Magazine. They reported about a study that reinforces what Jewish law has implied for a very long time: Platonic relationships are mostly a one-sided phenomena.

Playing with Predestination

Ohr Hachayim Genesis: Vayera

Playing with Predestination

“Our character…is an omen of our destiny, and the more integrity we have and keep, the simpler and nobler that destiny is likely to be.”

-George Santayana (1863 – 1952)

The people of ancient Sodom were reportedly a highly unsavory crew. God, despite Abraham’s pleas, decides to literally wipe the city off the map. One man and his family however, are destined to be saved. Lot, nephew of Abraham, is the only half-decent man in the entire metropolis. His wife and two unmarried daughters are absconded out of the city by an angelic task force.

However, according to the Ohr Hachayim (Genesis 19:1) Lot was not necessarily deserving of the destined salvation. He claims that the first purpose of the angels’ visit to Sodom was to create a merit, a reason, a justification for Lot to be rescued from the impending doom. Lot does achieve that merit, by graciously hosting the visiting angels. By offering his hospitality in an inhospitable city, by showing kindness where cruelty surrounded him, Lot earned deliverance. If Lot had not lived up to this Abrahamic heritage, he would not have survived Sodom. However, God first had to give Lot the opportunity, the chance to perform this good, even heroic deed in order to save himself.

Lot grabbed the chance God gave him with both hands and thereby merited salvation and the destiny in store for him. He had no way of knowing, of course, that his hospitality was a direct cause of the predestined rescue.

Destiny does await us and opportunities to achieve it surround us. May we realize the chances God gives us to do good, in order to reap the rewards.

Shabbat Shalom,

Bentzi

Dedication

To all the Alyn bikers, for their predestined and amazing completion of the ride. You are inspiring.

The Secret to Fertility

Tzvi Ilan ben Gita update: Ilan is making great progress. His walking and talking are consistently improving and he has started joking around and displaying a great sense of humor.

Genesis Kli Yakar: Vayera

The Secret to Fertility


‘I will certainly return unto thee when the season cometh round; and, lo, Sarah thy wife shall have a son.’Genesis 18:10

Abraham and Sarah are the classic biblical poster children of an infertile couple. After years of trying, after tearful prayers, after attempting every conceivable and even some unusual strategies, they frankly give up. When they reach advanced ages, it is naturally impossible for Sarah to conceive and unlikely for Abraham.

There are various rabbinic explanations given as to why they were tested in this fashion and why it took so long. The Kli Yakar (Genesis 18:6) explains why they did merit to finally having a child.

He compares the case to another hauntingly parallel story in the Bible.  The prophet Elisha is given extravagant (for those days) hospitality by an older woman of Shunam who recognizes Elisha as a man of God (see II Kings 4:8-17 for story). Though past child-bearing age, she is blessed with a son, in almost the same language and words as the prophetic announcement of Sarah’s birth to Isaac:

‘At this season, when the time cometh round, thou shall embrace a son.’ II Kings 4:16

The Kli Yakar explains that the reason for their blessing and miraculous births were simply because of their great hospitality.

A home is just a house if no one else is in it. The Kli Yakar implies that we first need to bring others into our home in order that God bring a new one of us into it as well.

Shabbat Shalom,

Bentzi

Dedication

To the Puah Institute which helps so many families who are desperate to start their own.

Escape from Sodom

Genesis Fiction: Vayera

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Escape from Sodom

“Get your hand off of me!” Edis shrieked at Archangel Michael.

Michael did not pay any attention to Edis. With an inhuman single-mindedness Michael took the hand of Lot and his wife Edis and proceeded to walk them briskly out of the city of Sodom, under the darkly overcast sky.

Archangel Gabriel was doing the same with Lot’s youngest daughters. Madis, the older of the two was on his right and Atis, the youngest, on his left. Each girl was firmly in hand, unable to escape the iron grasp and unable to do anything but keep pace with the rapidly moving angel.

Lot’s two older daughters, standing beside their husbands looked on in disbelief as the strange procession quickly moved away from them, from the courtyard of Lot’s house.

“Where are you going?” Shutis, the oldest called out.

“We are leaving. Now.” Lot called back hastily, “Sodom will be destroyed any minute.”

“I just need to gather a few more things and I will catch up with you.” Shutis promised, while her husband could be heard still giggling in incomprehension.

“No!” Lot demanded, “There is no time. Come with us right now or you will be lost!”

“Remember to bring my jeweled hairpin!” Edis offered hopefully.

Shutis quickly ran back into the house and was out of earshot.

“We are going to destroy the entire plain.” Gabriel explained in a neutral tone, keeping up the fast pace.

“Please. Please wait for the rest of my family.” Lot pleaded.

“It is too late.” Gabriel said with a firm finality. “They are more interested in their material possessions than in their lives.”

“What are you talking about?” Edis asked angrily. “They are coming right along. And the things they are bringing are important.”

“You do not understand, woman. The sins of these cities are so great that God could not wait any longer to destroy them. And destroy them we shall. Utterly. Nothing shall remain of what you knew as Sodom. If it were not for the merit of your uncle Abraham, you too would now die in the city.”

And then they were outside the gates of the city.

Michael and Gabriel simultaneously released their captives.

Gabriel raised his hands to the sky. The dark clouds poured fiery stones and acidic rain. Lot and his family heard a crescendo of screams from inside the city. An acrid smell of burning flesh filled the air.

Michael spoke with a booming voice that resonated to the heavens.

“Flee for your life! Do not look behind you or stop anywhere in all the plain; flee to the mountain lest you be swept away.”

Michael raised his hand and a beam of light erupted from his fingertips. The light reached the side of the mountain. Rock and earth exploded sending fragments in all directions. The mountain was shrouded by a cloud of debris. After moments, the dust settled. To their complete astonishment Lot and his family saw the contours of a road. The road was the straightest and smoothest road they have ever seen. It led straight up the mountain. To Abraham.

Lot loved his uncle, but could never return to him again. In his uncles’ shadow he would always be lesser. The sinner. The bad one. Repugnant. Worthless. He would die before he returned to Abraham. No. He needed to escape elsewhere. Now.

Lot fell to his knees and begged. “Please, no! My Lord – See, now, Your servant has found grace in Your eyes and Your kindness was great which You did with me to save my life; but I cannot escape to the mountain lest the evil attach itself to me and I die. Behold, please, this city is near enough to escape there,” Lot pointed further up the plain, “and it is small.” Lot’s voice started to break. “I shall flee there. Is it not small? – and I will live.”

Michael stood pensively for a moment and then replied:

“Behold, I have granted you consideration even regarding this, that I not overturn the city about which you have spoken. Hurry, flee there, for I cannot do a thing until you arrive there.”

Michael raised his hand towards the city that would be called Zoar. Light radiated from his hand and tore through the rolling fields of grass and pasture. On the uphill slope to Zoar, Michael had again created a road.

Michael then vanished into thin air, while Gabriel continued to rain down fire and brimstone on Sodom.

The heat behind them increased. Lot grabbed his daughters and yelled to Edis: “Edis. Let us go. Let us save at least these two children.”

The family walked briskly but mechanically up the hill, through a thickening fog of ash. They were in shock, not understanding what was occurring.

The girls were the first to start crying. They slowed down.

Lot continued to pull them by the hand. “Madis. Atis. Let us go. We must keep on moving. And whatever you do – do not look back.”

The wails from Sodom were reaching a fevered pitch. The scent of fire and burned flesh was overwhelming. Then the screams quieted down. Finally it was silent. Ominously quiet.

Edis had been crying quietly, tears flowing down her soot-covered face, slowing repeating: “My babies. My poor babies.”

She looked at Lot, walking in front of her with the two girls. Her anguish turned to confusion and then to anger.

She lunged for Lot knocking him to the ground. She punched him on the back with her fists.

“It is all your fault!” Edis sobbed hysterically. “My babies are dead! My jewels gone! Why did you have to invite those beings in! You are always trying to be better than everyone else. Superior! You and your morality! You are a filthy lustful leech just like everyone else! But look at what you have done! Look at what you have done!!”

Madis and Atis quickly grabbed their mother from either side and gently lifted her off of Lot. Lot got back on his feet and looked at Edis tenderly.

“I am sorry Edis, but it is not my fault. The Sodomites were so immoral that it was inevitable that they would be punished. I did would I could, but it was not enough. The chiefs of Sodom sneered and threatened me when I raised even a hint of kindness.” Lot bowed his head. “I am sorry for our children. They too would not listen. We tried.”

“Sorry!? Tried!?” Edis asked, mad with grief. “You sniveling excuse of a man. I will go back and find them.”

“Edis.” Lot said very firmly, clasping her arm. “We cannot go back. We cannot even look back or we will surely die.”

Instinctively, Madis and Atis positioned themselves behind their mother, to prevent her from going backwards and to block her view if she turned.

Edis abruptly ripped her arm out of Lot’s grip. “How dare you tell me what to do? My wealth is destroyed. My babies are laying, maybe dead back home, or they might be following us right now, and you are too cowardly to save them, to even turn around and see? I will go myself if I have to.”

“Mother! No!” Madis grabbed her mother from behind. “Did you not hear the angel? Everyone is dead. I can feel the heat getting closer. If we do not continue, if we even look back, we will die. We will!”

“How can I go on?” Edis was sobbing uncontrollably. “My babies are dead. My husband is no husband. Where will we go? What about my house? My jewelry? My friends? I must return.”

Edis started to slip out of Madis’ embrace. Atis saw the movement and she tried to grab her mother and block her view. But Edis was quicker. She turned around now embraced on either side by her loving daughters and took a full frontal look at the destruction of Sodom.

She could not believe her eyes. The lush fields. The strong walls. The rich houses. The colorful courtyards. They were completely destroyed. The entire plain was blackened and distorted. Thick black smoke covered the entire sky. The only color in the world was the red of angry flames consuming the dead remains of a once proud civilization.

Then she understood. She understood that Sodom was completely evil. She understood that she was an active participant and she knew that she too deserved to die.

Salty tears poured freely down her face, pooling around her feet.

The tingling started in her toes. They became numb. The feeling spread quickly up her legs. Edis gasped in shock and looked down at her legs. Madis and Atis jumped backed and stared in disbelief at what seemed like salt replacing her skin. Edis could taste the salt in her mouth as the metamorphosis worked its way up her torso. Edis’ feeling of horror was mirrored on the faces of her daughters.

“MOTHER!!” they cried in unison, grabbing her again, as if by embracing her they could stop the process.

Edis had time for only three words before the transformation was complete.

“I am sorry.” she whispered with her last tears.

And then she was a pillar of salt.

* * * * * *

Sources: compiled, organized and translated in “Encyclopedia of Biblical Personalities” of Yishai Chasidah (i.e. “Ishai HaTanach”), Shaar Press 1994

“Lot’s wife was called Edis.” Pirkei d’Rabbi Eliezer 25

“She was a native of Sodom.” Targum Yonatan, Bereshit 19:26

“He had four daughters: two betrothed and two married.” Bereshit Rabbah 50:9

“The angel Gabriel went to overturn Sodom, and Michael to save Lot.” Bava Metzia 86b

“The angels urged Lot on” (Genesis 19:15). An angel leveled the road before them to expedite Lot’s flight.” Bereshit Rabbah 50:10

“I cannot escape to the mountain.” (Genesis 19:19) While I was in Sodom, the Holy One, Blessed is He, saw my deeds and the deeds of my town and I was righteous in comparison. If I now go to Abraham, whose good deeds are more numerous than mine, I will be unable to withstand his burning coal [i.e., I will be considered wicked in comparison and will be punished]” Yalkut Shimoni, Vayeira 84

“The compassion of Edis, Lot’s wife, welled up for her married daughters in Sodom, and she looked back to see if they were following her.” Midrash Hagadol, Bereshit 19:26

“She went to the neighbors under the pretext of borrowing salt and said, “We ourselves do not need salt; guests have come to us.” In this way the people of Sodom knew about the angels. Therefore, she was turned into salt.” Bereshit Rabbah 51:5

The Blessings of Aging, Tribulations and the Death-Bed

The Blessings of Aging, Tribulations and the Death-Bed

According to the Midrash, the physiology of Man during the time of our Forefathers was very different from what we know today. Rabbi Yaakov ben Manoach (Hizkuni) gives the details, as well as why things changed.

It seems that ancient Man did not show outward signs of aging. This troubled Abraham greatly, as it made things difficult to determine who was older and to whom to show the proper respect because of age. The problem became even more acute when sons would look identical to their fathers and they could not be distinguished. Abraham prayed to God about this problem, God enthusiastically agreed with Abraham, and in response, God made Abraham the first man to visibly age.

Isaac noted that man didn’t necessarily suffer tribulations before his death, and therefore the attribute of Justice would take a complete accounting of ones life. Isaac argued that if there were some tribulations, then absolute Justice would be softened by the attribute of Mercy (whatever that means) and man would not get as full and absolute a punishment as he deserves (presumably in the afterlife). God enthusiastically agreed with Isaac, and in response, God made Isaac the first man with tribulations (poor eyesight) before his death.

Perhaps most dramatic of all, is that Man did not die slowly or of disease. A person would suddenly sneeze and he literally expired (“exhaled his life force out”). This is one of the theories why we say “God Bless You!” or something similar since antiquity. Jacob prayed to God that there should be a slower process to give a person time to get his affairs in order as well as for the family and loved ones to prepare for the eventual death. God enthusiastically agreed with Jacob, and in response God made Jacob the first man to become “deathly ill” allowing everyone to prepare for his actual death.

Aging, tribulations and a death-bed are never easy to bear, but it is both surprising and somewhat comforting that according to Hizkuni our Forefathers actually prayed for such phenomena. What is even more significant is that God actually granted these “gifts” to the Forefathers themselves.

May God take his time in granting us such “gifts” and when he does have to bestow them upon us – may they be with grace.

Shabbat Shalom,

Bentzi

Dedication

To the memory of Tziporah Harari and Shula Suede of Alon Shvut, who both got their fair share of illness and tribulations. May their families be comforted amongst the mourners of Zion and Jerusalem.

Angel, Merchant, Prophet, Doctor

Angel, Merchant, Prophet, Doctor

Three angels in the visage of merchants visit the campsite of Abraham. The recorded discussion is extremely brief (Exodus 18:9,10). The angels inquire as to Sarah’s whereabouts, Abraham responds that she is in the tent, and then they proclaim the joyous and incredulous news that at the same time next year, 90-year old Sarah will give birth to a son.

Rabbi Ovadia Sforno asks a simple question. Why did the angels need to come and deliver their prophecy? Just a few days and verses earlier (Exodus 17, verses 16,19 and 21) God directly informs Abraham in unequivocal terms regarding the impending birth, the timing, and even the name – Isaac.

Sforno, back in the 1500s, provides a surprising, and what might appear in his continuation as a medically advanced answer: the angel’s reason for visiting Abraham’s household and proclaiming their prophecy, was to make Sarah happy. The Torah indeed reports to us the immediate reaction to the angel’s therapy (Exodus 18:12): Sarah laughs at the wild and unlikely news.

Sforno continues with a line that would please a modern psychotherapist: the happiness of the pregnant mother will lead to a healthier baby. It would be interesting to discover if this was a common belief of Sforno’s time, or if he was unique in this viewpoint. Seeing as Isaac lived to the reported ripe old age of 180 years, these angelic doctors seemed to know what they were doing.

Like our forefathers before us, may we always strive and succeed to be happy and healthy in body, in mind and in spirit.

Shabbat Shalom,

Bentzi